Resveratrol is a phytochemical found in a variety of plants, fruits and associated fruit products, including grapes, mulberries and blueberries. It has been linked to anti-aging, antioxidant and cardio protective benefits. Some scientists have hypothesized that it may be partially responsible for the "French Paradox," the seemingly low rate of cardiovascular disease among the French. A study conducted in 2008 found that resveratrol consumption similar to the amounts found in a pattern of normal wine consumption may have a positive outcome on ischemic cardiovascular disease. For 15 days, 20 healthy volunteers consumed 300mg of either red or white wine. There was evidence of inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production and platelet formation, leading researchers to conclude that resveratrol may contribute the positive effects observed with wine consumption. Further research on the potential benefits and risks of resveratrol is warranted.

For more information:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed

Blueberries

Blueberries and their juice are commonly associated with antioxidant power. These tiny fruits grow primarily in North America and are a rich source of polyphenols, such as anthocyanins. In a recent study, the phytochemicals found in blueberries were associated with improving insulin resistance in obese participants. The double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study required twice daily consumption of blueberry bioactives for a period of six weeks. At the end of the study period, participants who received the blueberry compounds showed a significant increase in insulin sensitivity over those given the placebo. Significant steps were taken to address potential confounding factors, such as counseling and monitoring participants to ensure there were no changes in weight or physical activity. Researchers concluded that further research to explore the cellular mechanisms and the potential for long-term benefits is needed.

For more information:
http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/140/10/1764

Tart Cherry

In a placebo-controlled study on muscle pain in endurance athletes, it was found that tart cherry juice may have attenuated muscle soreness after endurance runs. It is thought that muscle soreness after activity is due to oxidative damage and inflammation. Antioxidants such as those found in tart cherry may help reduce the effects of the oxidative damage and inflammation, thus reducing the associated pain. During the seven-day study, one participant reported some discomfort after consumption of the study beverage and consequently withdrew. There were no other adverse events reported. Researchers advise that results be interpreted cautiously, due to study limitations such as the subjective assessment of pain as reported by participants. Further research is warranted to determine the mechanism of action for the pain and inflammation reduction observed in the study group.

Mangosteen and Immune Function

A recent clinical study of a mangosteen dietary supplement with vitamins and minerals was found to show positive benefits to human immune function. A randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted with 59 healthy human volunteers over the course of 30 days. At the conclusion of the trial, the data indicated a statistically significant change in immune function markers from the baseline in the study group versus the placebo group. The changes were positive and pointed to enhance immune function. Subjects from the study group also self reported a greater sense of improved health. Further studies evaluating the effects of the mangosteen product on different population groups with emphasis on long term outcomes is warranted. Click here for more information

Energy Drinks and the Globalization of Guarana

The guarana plant has been utilized for centuries for general health and medicinal purposes by the Satere'-Maue, an Indigenous Tribe of the Brazilian Amazon. It was often used prior to hunting for strength or to treat fevers and headaches. The guarana was of such great importance to the Satere'-Maue that they wove it into their myths. Click here for more information.